Make a Request

要用下面這個範例來講解

var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open("GET", "https://www.codecademy.com/", false);


xhr.send()
console.log(xhr.status)
console.log(xhr.statusText)
  • 第一行
  • xhrvariable, which stands for XML HTTP Request. This is how we make an HTTP request!

  • 第二行

  • We make the actual request to Codecademy.com.

  • 光第一和第二行不夠，我們其實還沒 send our request 所以我們需要 3~5行

  • console.log xhr.status和 xhr.statusText

  • status 就是像(that was that "200" from before)

  • statusText 像 "OK"

四種 HTTP Verbs

  • GET: retrieves information from the specified source (像我們上面這個例子)

  • POST: sends new information to the specified source.

  • PUT: updates existing information of the specified source.

  • DELETE: removes existing information from the specified source.

So when we sent our GET request to codecademy.com, we retrieved information. When you add to or update your blog, you're sending POST or PUT requests; when you delete a tweet, there goes a DELETE request.

HTTP request 的組成

分成三個部分

  1. Request line
  2. Tells the server what kind of request is being sent (GET, POST, etc.) and what resource it's looking for;
  3. Header
  4. Sends the server additional information (such as which client is making the request)
  5. Body
  6. which can be empty (as in a GET request) or contain data (if you're POSTing or PUTing information, that information is contained here).
POST /codecademy/learn-http HTTP/1.1
Host: www.codecademy.com
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

Name=Eric&Age=26

上面這個就是一個典型的例子

Note the POST information in the request line, the header information below it, and the data to be POSTed at the bottom (最後一行)

Endpoints

  • Endpoints are API-defined locations where particular data are stored.

  • Just as you'll GET a pair of pants from PantsWorld or you'll GET a bag of peanuts from PeanutHut.

  • For instance, if you're using the API for a video hosting service, there might be endpoints for the most popular videos, the most recent videos, or videos belonging to a certain genre or category.

Authentication & API Keys

API 簡介

  • 跟真實的鑰匙一樣：an API key grants you access to a particular API.

  • An alphanumeric (字母與數字符號構成的) string used to identify you to an API

  • 會認出使用者，追蹤使用情形和有沒有惡意使用

  • keep track of how their service is used and prevent unauthorized or malicious activity.

  • API keys 落落長

API keys are often long alphanumeric strings，如下圖

OAuth的基本概念

  • 是一種 protocol

  • Some APIs require authentication using a protocol called OAuth

  • Redirected to a page asking for permission to link an application with your account, you've probably used OAuth.

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